无砟轨道聚氨酯碎石防水联结层单元模型试验研究     

谢康  苏谦  陈晓斌  刘宝  王武斌  王迅  邓志兴 《岩土力学》2023,(8):2308-2317

基于无砟轨道基床表层水力损伤病害产生机制,提出一种在基床表层上设置聚氨酯碎石防水联结层的水力损伤控制措施。通过建立级配碎石组(J-0)、透水型聚氨酯碎石组(J-5)及致密型聚氨酯碎石组(J-10)3组试验模型,研究聚氨酯碎石防水联结层的静动力特性、疲劳特性与防水特性。结果表明：静力加卸载作用下,J-10残余应变为2.6×10–6,最大位移约为1.0 mm,与下部基床表层级配碎石层变形适应性良好,耗能效果明显,在列车动力荷载水平作用下,可减小基床表层动变形与动应力幅值,增大动应力扩散范围;在长期动力循环荷载作用下,J-0与J-5在注水后结构层动力响应显著增大,而J-10动力响应在加载次数1～2万次后基本保持稳定;试验过程中J-10能够有效防止水分进入基床表层级配碎石层,而J-0与J-5水分不断下渗,引起级配碎石细颗粒损失。研究成果对整治多雨地区无砟轨道基床表层水力损伤病害具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

崩落法开采引起的岩层移动时效性研究     

刘轩廷  陈从新  夏开宗  郑先伟  王田龙  袁家好 《岩土力学》2023,(2):563-576

崩落法开采的金属矿山往往会伴随着一系列的地质灾害现象。为保证矿区安全生产,开展崩落法开采引起的岩层移动的时效性研究具有重要意义。以程潮铁矿西区下盘为研究对象,通过将地表10多年GPS监测数据的整理分析,并与现场破坏调查结果和工程地质条件相结合,进而探究不同分区下岩层移动的时效行为。研究结果表明：岩层移动的时效行为与其破坏过程有着密切的关系,不同分区下的岩层移动的时效行为是不同的,可分为初始变形、渐进变形、加速变形和残余变形共4个阶段,分别对应着稳定状态、临界状态、失稳状态以及采矿结束后的蠕变状态;初始变形阶段对应着岩体的初始蠕变过程,渐进变形阶段反映了岩体抵抗自身变形的过程,加速变形阶段与深部破坏面的形成和强烈的应力释放有关;崩落碎石在采矿作业停止后失去了流动空间,在岩体变形挤压下会对围岩提供支撑力进而限制了岩层移动的进一步发展;残余变形时间由岩体的蠕变特性和崩落碎石的压密过程所控制,倾倒滑移区因需要经历一个额外的碎石压密过程而导致残余变形时间更长。  相似文献   

基于裂隙扩展的多级岩质边坡开挖卸荷破坏路径分析     

王川  冷先伦  张占荣  杨闯  陈健 《岩土力学》2023,(4):1190-1203

开挖卸荷作用下裂隙岩体边坡的破坏模式与路径分析是边坡工程灾害研究的热点之一,准确识别边坡的潜在破裂路径对工程安全施工和支护优化设计具有重要意义。依据断裂扩展分析方法,将裂隙扩展判别的理论方法开发并应用于数值模拟分析中,通过裂隙尖端应力强度因子计算、裂隙扩展模式识别、裂隙起裂角演算、裂隙扩展交汇等技术实现了岩体中断续裂隙的起裂、扩展与贯通演化过程的快速模拟;以某高速公路沿线裂隙岩体路堑边坡为对象,采用提出的模拟方法分析了多级开挖卸荷作用下坡体裂隙的扩展机制与边坡的破坏路径。结果表明：裂隙岩体边坡从上至下多级开挖过程中,坡肩裂隙首先起裂,并通过拉张型扩展逐渐发展为优势裂隙;随着边坡下挖,优势裂隙沿坡面向下逐步发生拉张/剪切混合型扩展并与既有裂隙交汇,在边坡中上部形成阶梯状扩展破坏路径;裂隙扩展至边坡下部及坡脚后扩展模式由拉张/剪切混合型转化为剪切型,并最终以弧形剪切面从坡脚出露。研究揭示了裂隙岩体边坡多级开挖卸荷作用下上部阶梯状拉张/剪切混合型破裂-下部弧形剪切型破裂的复合破坏模式,可为边坡工程支护设计和施工稳定性控制提供新思路。  相似文献   

贵州铜仁地区锰矿定量预测与评价     

李素雅  陈建平  刘畅 《江苏地质》2023,47(2):166-174

应用地质、化探、物探、遥感等手段和资料进行多元信息成矿预测已成为找矿工作的重要方法。以贵州铜仁地区锰矿为研究对象,基于研究区与成矿相关的多元信息,建立区域找矿模型;运用GIS技术对多元信息进行综合处理并提取有利成矿信息,形成找矿标志专题图层,构成找矿预测指标集;利用证据权重法建立锰矿综合预测模型,结合研究区成矿地质条件、已知锰矿床（点）等因素,确定找矿有利地区,并圈定7个远景区,为发现大规模锰矿产地提供参考。  相似文献   

Calibration of Infrared Absorption Coefficients for Structural Hydroxyl in Garnet by a Combined Study of Isotope Ratio Spectrometry and Vibrational Spectroscopy     

Lin Zhu  Ren-Xu Chen  Yong-Fei Zheng  Jing Wang  Bing Gong 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(1):105-124

An accurate determination of water content in garnet is critical to quantify the transport of water to the deep mantle by the subducted oceanic crust beyond the breakdown of hydrous phases. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is the most widely used approach to determine the species and contents of water in garnet. Accurate quantification of OH in garnet requires independent calibration using an external method, as OH absorbance is mineral and composition specific. To obtain the infrared absorption coefficients of structural hydroxyl in garnet, a combined study of spectrometric analyses by FTIR and a method combining a thermal conversion elemental analyser with isotope ratio mass spectrometry (TC/EA-MS) was carried out for fourteen gem-quality natural garnet crystals with variable compositions. The obtained molar absorption coefficients were 9322 ± 338 and 240 ± 26 l mol⁻¹ cm⁻² for grossular- and spessartine-rich garnet and pyrope-almandine garnet, respectively. These results are within the range of previous studies. A new molar absorption coefficient of 689 ± 177 l mol⁻¹ cm⁻² was obtained for pyrope-spessartine garnet. The large variation in the absorption coefficient indicates it is controlled by both garnet composition and OH-absorption bands. The obtained absorption coefficients are only appropriate for certain types of eclogitic garnet, and more studies should be carried out on eclogitic garnets.  相似文献   

Gas migration behavior in saturated bentonite under flexible conditions with consideration of temperature effects     

Cui  Lin-Yong  Ye  Wei-Min  Wang  Qiong  Chen  Yong-Gui  Chen  Bao 《Acta Geotechnica》2023,18(2):971-984

Acta Geotechnica - Investigation of thermal effects on gas migration behavior in saturated bentonite materials is of great significance for the assessment of long-term safety and performance...  相似文献   

Initial Characterisation of SK01 Sanidine: A Candidate 40Ar/39Ar Reference Material     

Youjuan Li  Brian R. Jicha  Wanfeng Zhang  Wen Chen  Brad S. Singer  Dewen Zheng  Huaiyu He 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(3):657-668

The precision and accuracy of ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dates are ultimately linked to co-irradiated reference materials of known age. Here we provide new data from the SK01 sanidine, which was analysed in three different laboratories to evaluate it as a ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar reference material. Aliquots of 5 mg, incrementally heated in two laboratories, yielded indistinguishable results with a weighted mean age of 27.58 ± 0.06 Ma (95% confidence level). Single-crystal step heating and single-crystal total fusion analyses of SK01 sanidine were undertaken in the third laboratory to further test the intracrystalline homogeneity. For the seven step-heating analyses, six crystals yielded nearly concordant age spectra with ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages ranging from 26.853 ± 0.094 Ma to 26.963 ± 0.067 Ma, whereas one crystal gave an older age of 27.774 ± 0.071 Ma with a slightly discordant age spectrum. Twenty-three single-crystal total fusion analyses yielded ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages ranging from 27.070 ± 0.108 Ma to 27.736 ± 0.062 Ma with a dispersion of ~ 3.8%. The older ages from single-crystal total fusion dates are interpreted to reflect an inherited or excess argon component in some crystals. This is an initial characterisation of the SK01 sanidine, and additional work needs to be conducted to further evaluate the age dispersion so that it can be utilised as a ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar reference material.  相似文献   

地层中的硅岩: 研究进展及展望^*          下载免费PDF全文

周思宇  钟大康  孙海涛  张本健  苏琛  尹宏 《古地理学报》2023,25(1):23-42

硅岩是由自生石英形成的化学沉积岩,通常以层状或非层状(结核状、条带状)独自出现、与其他岩性互层出现及赋存于其他岩性地层中。硅岩不仅记录了大量盆地古地理、古海洋、古气候的地质信息,而且对于岩石大地构造学研究具有重要意义。前人对硅岩的研究取得了丰富的成果,近年来关于硅岩的新观点为硅岩的研究提供了新的思考途径和研究线索。通过调研近年来关于硅岩的岩石学特征、地球化学特征及沉积环境的研究,分析总结了不同地质历史时期、不同沉积环境、不同产状硅岩的形成模式、成因类型以及判别方式,认为硅岩的沉积不是单一因素控制的结果,而是地质构造活动强度、生物类型及活动性、沉积古环境的综合结果。常规地球化学元素结合岩石组构与微区分析、包裹体分析、新同位素(Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd)分析,以及新的地球化学判定标准(Ge/Si)是硅岩研究的必备手段和方法。  相似文献   

Determination of the anisotropic thermal conductivity of the Boom Clay based on a combined numerical interpretation of two in situ heater tests at different scales     

Chen  G. J.  Li  X. L.  Sillen  X.  Levasseur  S. 《Acta Geotechnica》2023,18(1):127-147

Acta Geotechnica - In the HADES underground research laboratory in Belgium, a large-scale PRACLAY Heater test and a small-scale ATLAS Heater test are performed to examine the...  相似文献   

Influence of underground space development mode on the groundwater flow field in Xiong’an new area          下载免费PDF全文

Yi-hang Gao  Jun-hui Shen  Lin Chen  Xiao Li  Shuang Jin  Zhen Ma  Qing-hua Meng 《地下水科学与工程》2023,11(1):68-80

The degree and scale of underground space development are growing with the continuous advancement of urbanization in China. The lack of research on the change of the groundwater flow field before and after the development of underground space has led to various problems in the process of underground space development and operation. This paper took the key development zone of the Xiong’an New Area as the study area, and used the Groundwater modeling system software (GMS) to analyse the influence on the groundwater flow field under the point, line, and surface development modes. The main results showed that the underground space development would lead to the expansion and deepening of the cone of depression in the aquifer. The groundwater level on the upstream face of the underground structure would rise, while the water level on the downstream face would drop. The “line” concurrent development has the least impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level on the upstream side of the underground structure is expected to be approximately 3.05 m. The “surface” development has the greatest impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level is expected to be 7.17 m.  相似文献